Which of the following statements is true regarding Alpha particles?

Alpha particles are indeed strongly ionizing but possess low penetration power. This characteristic is primarily due to their relatively large mass and double positive charge, which allows them to interact effectively with matter. When alpha particles collide with atoms in matter, they can easily ionize them, which means they can strip away electrons and create charged particles. However, their size and charge result in a rapid loss of energy, limiting their ability to penetrate materials.

In terms of penetration, alpha particles can be stopped by just a few centimeters of air or by a sheet of paper, and they cannot penetrate the outer layers of human skin. This contrasts with other forms of radiation, such as beta particles or gamma rays, which have higher penetration capabilities. The misconceptions regarding the penetration ability of alpha particles often stem from their ionizing strength, but the two are distinct properties.

Understanding these characteristics is crucial in radiation safety and protection, as it informs how we handle different types of radiation and the materials needed for shielding.