Which description fits gamma rays accurately?

Gamma rays are indeed a form of electromagnetic radiation. They are high-energy photons that are produced during various nuclear reactions and radioactive decay processes. Unlike alpha particles, which are made of two protons and two neutrons and carry a positive charge, gamma rays are uncharged, making them a distinct class of radiation.

As electromagnetic radiation, gamma rays travel at the speed of light and lack mass. This ability to travel at such high speed differentiates them from alpha particles, which are relatively slow due to their larger mass. Additionally, gamma rays require dense materials, such as lead or several centimeters of concrete, to effectively attenuate or stop them. This contrasts sharply with the misconception that they can be stopped by lighter materials like paper, which is only effective against alpha particles and lower energy beta particles.

Understanding gamma rays as electromagnetic radiation aligns with the principles of physics that govern their behavior, helping clarify their role in radiation and its interactions with matter.